Now complete the following with the correct word: Lesson by Tristan, teacher at EC Malta English school to enter.įor the negative of 'must' for necessity 'have to' is used. Past (should) You should have gone to see a doctor. Prohibition usually refers to the near future. You must not forget to clean the equipment after you use it. You must not play music after eleven o'clock. That mustn't have been Peter calling.įor negative certainty most native speakers prefer 'cannot' to 'must not'įor positive certainty 'have to' is also used. Notice how it changes depending on present, past and future time. Here are some examples of 'must' in its forms and functions. Prohibition Max, you must not run in the street. Strong recommendation You really must see someone about that cold. Necessity All passengers must present their passports at the gate. For prohibition 'Must not' can be used but the meaning is extremely severe and native speakers prefer 'should not' or 'ought not to' which gives the idea of dissuasion rather than prohibition.Ĭertainty This must be the right address. Most native speakers prefer ‘have to’ which is less restrictive in its meaning. It is also used to express strong obligation.
'Must' is mostly used to express certainty however as seen above it can also be used for necessity. However in the negative 'do not have to' means that it is not necessary but ‘must not’ means it is forbidden to do something. In the case of necessity 'must' can also be used. We didn't have to finish that yesterday.įuture We will have to finish this tomorrow. Present We have to finish this today./ We didn't have to finish that yesterday. With regard certainty in the future other verb forms are used. Negative That cant have been Peter calling. Past That has to have been Peter calling. For a negative 'must not' or 'cannot' are used. Here are some examples of its functions and forms: Certainty 'Have to' changes when it is used in the present, past or future.
The glue has to be left to dry for 24 hours. 'Have to' is used to express certainty, necessity, and obligation. Have to and must are being looked at together because of the inter-changeability when used for certain functions and the confusion caused when they cannot be interchanged for others.
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